In the context of cabin pressurization, what is the role of the outflow valve?

The outflow valve plays a crucial role in the cabin pressurization system by controlling the amount of air escaping from the cabin. This valve is responsible for maintaining the desired cabin pressure by allowing excess cabin air to vent out of the aircraft during flight. As altitude increases, the outside air pressure decreases; thus, the cabin must be pressurized to ensure passenger comfort and safety. By regulating the outflow of air, the valve helps to balance the pressure differential between the inside of the cabin and the outside atmosphere, ensuring that the cabin environment remains stable and safe for occupants. This process is essential for effective pressurization, especially during ascent and descent phases of flight.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of the outflow valve. Regulating cabin temperature is typically managed by the environmental control system, while measuring cabin altitude is usually the responsibility of pressure transducers. Preventing airflow from the engine into the cabin is more associated with the design of the cabin air supply system and the use of various valves and ducting, rather than the outflow valve's function itself.