What aspect of battery behavior does thermal runaway affect?

Thermal runaway specifically affects temperature regulation within a battery. This phenomenon occurs when an increase in temperature causes further reactions within the battery that lead to even more heat generation, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. If temperature regulation fails, it can lead to critical failures such as leakage, venting, or even explosions.

In a well-functioning battery, temperature regulation is essential to maintain safe operating conditions and ensure longevity. However, if thermal runaway is initiated due to various causes—such as overcharging, cell defects, or external heat sources—this regulation becomes ineffective. As the heat accumulates, it can lead to degradation of the battery materials, reducing efficiency, increasing risks, and ultimately resulting in possible catastrophic failure.