What is maintained by vortex generators on the upper surface of the wing at high speeds?

Vortex generators are small aerodynamic devices attached to the upper surface of an aircraft's wing. Their primary purpose at high speeds is to maintain smooth airflow over the wings, particularly in the area near the ailerons. By creating controlled vortices, these devices delay airflow separation, which in turn enhances the effectiveness of ailerons. This is especially important during high-speed flight where air viscosity and changes in airflow patterns can significantly impact aileron performance.

Improvements in aileron effectiveness lead to better roll control and responsiveness, which are crucial during maneuvers and when managing aircraft stability at high speeds. This aerodynamic advantage provided by vortex generators helps ensure that the aircraft responds predictably and effectively during critical flight phases.