What is the relationship between basic operating weight and payload?

The relationship between basic operating weight and payload indeed corresponds with the zero fuel weight of an aircraft. Basic operating weight encompasses the weight of the aircraft itself along with the crew, operational items, and unusable fuel, but excludes any payload and fuel. Payload refers to the cargo, passengers, and baggage that the aircraft carries.

When you combine the basic operating weight and the payload, you arrive at the zero fuel weight, which is a critical parameter in aviation. Understanding this helps in performance calculations, as it is used to determine the maximum allowable fuel and calculate take-off weight and landing weight. It is crucial for ensuring compliance with regulatory limits and for safe operation of the aircraft throughout its mission.

The other options do not accurately reflect the relationship defined in the question. For instance, maximum landing weight involves take-off, fuel considerations, and other weight factors beyond just the sum of basic operating weight and payload. Similarly, the total fuel weight is not determined solely by adding these two variables, and operational range is influenced by many factors including fuel efficiency, engine performance, and flight conditions, rather than just the sum of basic operating weight and payload.